This paper deals with spatial Information Extraction (IE) and Retrieval (IR) in Digital Libraries environments. The proposed approach (implemented within PIV(1) prototype) is based on a linguistic and semantic analysis of digital corpora and free text queries. First, we present requirements and a methodology of semantic annotation for automatic indexing and geo-referencing of text documents. Then we report on a case study where the spatial-based IR process is evaluated and compared to classical (statistical-based) IR approaches using first pure spatial queries and then more general ones dealing with both spatial and thematic scopes. The main result in these first experiments shows that combining a spatial approach with a classical (statistical-based) IR one improves in a significant way retrieval accuracy, namely in the case of general queries.