The aim of this paper is to characterise the materiality of pastoral sites in the Basque and Béarn regions in order to shed light on the way in which agropastoral societies in the Pyrenees appropriated the mountains over the long term. At the crossroads of archaeology, art history and anthropology, the aim is to analyse the results of inventories and excavations in order to establish a chrono-typology of the assemblages studied for recent periods. Particular attention will be paid to the construction methods used to build the dwellings - frame and roofing - and to the way in which they were assembled with the structures used for parking. Written sources will also be used to examine the huts mentioned in land grants, sales and inheritances from the late Middle Ages onwards. Looking beyond the site, an ethnoarchaeological study of the routes taken will look at the space between sites, the space used, travelled and limited. Finally, comparisons will be made with a view to highlighting the specific features or common traits of these Basque and Bearn buildings with the rest of the pastoral corpus in the Pyrenees, and more widely in the south.